![]() Furthermore, there is also a strong relationship between the percentage of velocity loss (VL) attained in the set and the percentage of repetitions completed with respect to the maximum possible repetitions against a given relative load. Thus, it is possible to estimate the 1% RM that is being used as soon as the first repetition with any given absolute load is performed. First, several studies have observed a strong relationship between the relative load (1% RM) and movement velocity in different resistance exercises. To solve these problems of monitoring and quantification of the training loads, recent attention has been placed on movement velocity during RT. However, the maximal number of repetitions completed against a given relative load present high between-subjects variability thus, subjects performing the same number of repetitions per set against the same relative load are likely performing a different effort. On the other hand, volume is prescribed in terms of sets and repetitions per set. For example, a pre-specified 1-RM value during a long-term training program disregards a number of confounding factors (i.e., sleep, diet, and training-induced fatigue) that affect the athlete’s “true” load and daily preparedness. As a consequence, it is not possible to know the real load with which the athlete has trained in each training session and, therefore, it is impossible to determine the load that has produced a certain training effect. However, the main limitation of the 1-RM percentage-based RT (PBT) method to prescribe the relative load is the mismatch between the actual load and the proposed load that occurs as a result of daily changes in 1-RM. Both methodologies present several limitations related to excessive degree of fatigue, spending time, and difficulty in applying tests of these characteristics to certain populations, such as the elderly, young people, and athletes without previous experience in RT. Traditionally, relative load during RT has been configured using the percentage of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) or the maximum number of repetitions complete against an absolute load (X-RM). The magnitude of the effect produced by RT will depend on the manipulation of the so-called acute training variables, especially the relative load, volume, and type of exercises. In addition, RT is also a key factor to improve body composition in physically active population, health condition in the general population, and even as preventive and palliative treatment in many metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Weight resistance training (RT) has been proven as an important tool to improve performance in different sports disciplines. Future studies should corroborate these findings in female population. These findings reinforce the fact that it is possible to optimize exercise adaptations with less fatigue. According to the results of the analyzed studies, it is not necessary to reach high muscle failure in order to achieve the best training results. ![]() ![]() VBRT is an effective method to improve 1-RM, vertical jump and sprint. A total of 22 studies met the inclusion criteria of this systematic review (a low-to-moderate overall risk of bias of the analyzed studies was detected). The search for published articles was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, SPORT Discus/EBSCO, OVID, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases using Boolean algorithms independently. The aim of this PRISMA-based systematic review was to evaluate the effect of VBRT programs on variables related to muscle strength (one-repetition maximum, 1-RM), and high-speed actions (vertical jump, and sprint performance) in trained subjects. Within the last two decades, a methodology based on monitoring RT through movement velocity (also called velocity-based resistance training, VBRT) has emerged. Weight resistance training (RT) has been shown to positively influence physical performance.
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